PARTICIPLES AND PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

UNIT 04 : Participles and Participles Clauses

PARTICIPLES AND PARTICIPLE CLAUSES

Forms of Participles: -ing and -ed

A. If the participle of a noun is the agent (Doing the action of the participle ) choose an -ing form

• The game tired the players. the tiring game (Agent)

B. If the participle is NOT the agent, choose an -ed form.

• The game tired the players. the tired players (not agent)

Participle Clauses

A. An -ing form can be used when two things occur at the same time.

• He suddenly went out shouting

B. An -ing form can be used when one action occurs during another action.

• She hurt herself cooking dinner

C. An -ing clause can be an explanation of the following main clause

• Feeling tired, he went to bed earlier.

Choice Between -ing and -ed in Participle Clauses

A. Use an -ing form when the original verb is intransitive.

• Walking along the street, Tom ran into one of his old friends.

B. Use an -ing form when the orginal verb is transitive and when its object comes after it.

• Facing a police officer, he chose to run away

C. Use an -ed form when the object of its orginal verb serves as the subject of the main clause.

• Located on a hill, the hotel commands a fine view.