NEGATION AND PARALLEL STRUCTURE

UNIT 05 : NEGATION AND PARALLEL STRUCTURE

UNIT 05: NEGATION AND PARALLEL STRUCTURE

No vs Not

A. Use no as an adjective.

• Not going                                                                                
• No choice

B. Use not as an adverb

• Not going
• Not busy
• Not likely

Main and Auxiliary Verbs

A. Put not or never after an auxiliary verb.

• He will not arrive today
• You should never eat there

B. If there is no auxiliary, do-support is necessary along with not

• She does not know him
• They do not live in Chicago

Non-finite Verbs: To-infinitives, Gerunds, and Participles.

Put a negative word before non-finite verbs.

• He prefers not taking the bus to work.
• In order not to fail again, you should work harder
• Not knowing what to do, he just stood still

Redundancy in Negation

A. Avoid double negatives

• She does not have no money. (Incorrect)
• She does not have any money. (Correct)

B. Do not use a negative word along with such words as hardly, seldom, scarcely, lest, unless.

• We could not hardly understand the situation. (Incorrect)
• We could hardly understand the stituation (Correct)

Parallel Structure

A. Parallelism between two or more words

• He is handsome, honest, and has a lot of money. (=> Rich)

B. Parallelism between two or more phrases

• You may answer the question either in English or Korean. (=> in Korean)